As public health authorities across the globe struggle to manage a devastating pandemic, the mayhem caused by the novel coronavirus has increasingly figured in the strategy of Islamic State (IS). In their regular newsletter circulated last week, IS described the pandemic as a divinely wrought “painful torment” against “crusader nations”, a term referring to Western countries engaged in a military campaign to uproot the group, like reported by qantara.de.
It went on to describe the outbreak’s fear factor as having a greater effect than the epidemic itself, saying it has placed the Western world “on the verge of a great economic catastrophe” by restricting mobility, roiling markets and disrupting public life. “We ask God to increase their torment and save the believers from all that,” the group said, according to British researcher Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi.
The outbreak could be seen as reinforcing the militants’ theology. It is also affecting international efforts to contain IS after the group’s military defeat last year.
NATO and its allies distracted
In Iraq, NATO announced earlier this month it would suspend training for 60 days due to the pandemic. As a result, British Defence Secretary Ben Wallace said he would scale back the UK’s troop deployment since “the tempo of training has significantly declined”.
In addition to the moratorium on training activities, coalition members in Iraq and Syria are having to take precautions to prevent an outbreak among troops. Although U.S. officials suggested the measures wouldn’t have an impact on operational continuity, the outbreak is undermining efforts to shore up local capacity to deal with IS.
“Inevitably the coronavirus pandemic will shift attention and resources away from the fight against the ‘Islamic State’,” said Colin P. Clarke, a senior research fellow at the Soufan Center. “The overall focus and attention required to continue fighting against the group will be understandably distracted.”
“But [IS] fighters will be vulnerable as well. The militants themselves are clearly not immune from the virus, and if they are relying on faulty medical or health information, which is possible, then they could easily lose fighters to the virus too.”
Exploiting chaos
Indeed, the militant group in mid-March issued an initial advisory concerning the pandemic, calling on its fighters to avoid travelling to Europe and other affected areas. Instead, the IS suggested that they would receive divine protection from illness if they engaged in jihad.
One way to perform such spiritual struggle, the advisory argued, would be to break out fellow militants, their wives and children from prisons in the region. Already in October, more than 750 people with suspected links to IS broke out of Ain Issa camp in northeast Syria, a feat they accomplished by rioting while Kurdish forces were distracted by a Turkish offensive.
“If the virus begins to spread throughout jails and detention centres, which could already be happening, then the authorities tasked with managing those places, including the Kurds, will also be distracted and hampered in their mission,” said Clarke, author of the book After the Caliphate.
That type of distraction was precisely what IS was referring to when it urged its members to use the opportunity to work toward freeing fellow militants and their family members in prisons where they “are threatened by disease in addition to subjugation.”
In Iraq, some 20,000 suspected IS militants are held in jails across the country. Freeing any number of them would serve to reinforce their operational capabilities and threaten to undo years of coordinated efforts to contain the militant group.
“IS sees the pandemic as an opportunity to exploit,” said British researcher al-Tamimi, “with all the chaos that ensues from it.”
